Tick Species on the Rise in Switzerland: Crucial Information You Should Be Aware Of
Switzerland is home to two types of ticks, each with unique characteristics and potential health risks. The Hyalomma tick, while more commonly associated with southern and eastern Europe, is currently invading Switzerland, albeit not as commonly established or widespread as in its native regions [1][2]. On the other hand, the marsh tick (Ixodes ricinus) is prevalent throughout Switzerland, particularly in forested and humid environments [3].
The Hyalomma Tick in Switzerland
The Hyalomma tick, known for its active pursuit of victims and eyes, has migrated from its traditional habitats in southern and eastern Europe. Despite its presence in Switzerland, it is not yet common in Swiss regions. The Hyalomma tick is a principal vector of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF), a disease that should not be underestimated [4]. If the Hyalomma tick were to spread more widely in Switzerland, it would pose a significant threat to the population, according to Werner Tischhauser, Vice President of the Swiss Tick League [5].
The Marsh Tick in Switzerland
The marsh tick, also known as the meadow tick, is another non-native species that is increasingly establishing itself in Switzerland. Originating from the Mediterranean region and North Africa, the marsh tick is commonly found in woodlands, marshes, and grassy understory across Switzerland [6]. It transmits bacteria that cause Tibola syndrome, a disease characterised by fever, swollen lymph nodes, and skin changes at the bite site. While Tibola syndrome is not life-threatening, it is important to take precautions to avoid tick bites [7].
Protecting Yourself from Ticks
To protect yourself from tick bites, it is recommended to wear long trousers and closed shoes when walking in the woods or long grass. If bitten by a tick, it is crucial to remove it safely and as soon as possible. A special tick remover or tweezers can be used for this purpose. It is also advisable to have a tick removed at a doctor's office or pharmacy [8].
Vaccination is the best way to protect oneself from the illnesses caused by ticks. The vaccination for the diseases transmitted by the marsh tick is recommended from the age of three and is covered by basic insurance. The vaccination provides protection for 10 years [9].
As of now, people living in mountainous regions are less affected than those at lower altitudes. However, as the tick populations continue to grow and migrate, it is essential to stay informed and take necessary precautions to ensure a safe outdoor experience in Switzerland [10].
[1] Swiss Tick Survey [2] European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control [3] Swiss Federal Office for the Environment [4] World Health Organization [5] Swiss Tick League [6] Swiss Tick Survey [7] Swiss Federal Office of Public Health [8] Swiss Tick League [9] Swiss Federal Office of Public Health [10] Swiss Tick Survey
- Science has shown that the Hyalomma tick, a potential health risk, has moved from its traditional habitats, posing a threat to Switzerland's population.
- The Hyalomma tick, often found in southern and eastern Europe, is currently invading Switzerland, although it is not as commonly established as in its native regions.
- The Hyalomma tick is a principal vector of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, a disease not to be underestimated.
- If the Hyalomma tick were to spread more widely in Switzerland, it would pose a significant threat to the population, according to Werner Tischhauser, Vice President of the Swiss Tick League.
- The marsh tick (Ixodes ricinus), prevalent throughout Switzerland, is increasingly establishing itself in the country.
- The marsh tick is commonly found in woodlands, marshes, and grassy understory across Switzerland.
- The marsh tick transmits bacteria that cause Tibola syndrome, a disease characterized by fever, swollen lymph nodes, and skin changes at the bite site.
- While Tibola syndrome is not life-threatening, it is important to take precautions to avoid tick bites.
- To protect yourself from tick bites, it is recommended to wear long trousers and closed shoes when walking in the woods or long grass.
- If bitten by a tick, it is crucial to remove it safely and as soon as possible.
- A special tick remover or tweezers can be used for this purpose.
- It is also advisable to have a tick removed at a doctor's office or pharmacy.
- Vaccination is the best way to protect oneself from the illnesses caused by ticks.
- The vaccination for the diseases transmitted by the marsh tick is recommended from the age of three and is covered by basic insurance.
- The vaccination provides protection for 10 years.
- As of now, people living in mountainous regions are less affected than those at lower altitudes.
- However, as the tick populations continue to grow and migrate, it is essential to stay informed and take necessary precautions.
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